Jóhannes Sveinsson Kjarval (1885–1972) has a unique place in Icelandic cultural history, as one of the nation's most beloved artists of all time.
He was a legend in his own lifetime, and in the eyes of many he was the archetypal romantic bohemian artist. He had his roots in traditional Icelandic farming society, and his life and art were inextricably entwined with the nation's cultural renaissance in the early 20th century. He is best known for his interpretation of nature, and especially the mystical visual world manifested in his art. In Kjarval's long artistic career, his basic vision remained the same – that nature is alive – although the emphases of his work evolved and changed over the years.
Kjarval donated some of his works and personal effects to the city of Reykjavík in 1968. The gift comprised mainly drawings and sketches. A part of his gift was exhibited for the first time at the opening of the Kjarvalsstaðir gallery in 1973. The collection has grown steadily over the years, both through purchases and invaluable donations from private individuals.